Excessive concern with physical appearance, shallow, labile affect, and egocentricity are a feature of which of the following?
A. Histrionic personality disorder is characterized by a high degree of attention-seeking behaviour, craving for attention, and sexualizing and seductive behaviour even in professional or non-social settings. These patients tend to have rather superficial relationships. They tend to display rapidly shifting and shallow expression of emotions. In addition, they have a style of speech that is excessively impressionistic and lacking in detail with self-dramatization and artificially exaggerated emotional expression. They may be highly suggestible too. People with narcissistic personality are not particularly attention seeking in their behaviour. But similar to those with histrionic traits, individuals with narcissistic traits have shallow expression of emotions. In addition, they have a strong need for admiration together with a sense of self importance. Body image disturbances are seen in those with borderline personality traits, along with disturbed self identity. But excessive concern with physical appearance is not characteristic of borderline personality.
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Fear of abandonment is a feature of borderline personality. It is also seen in which other personality disorder?
A. The characteristic behaviour of the avoidant personality is active isolation from the social environment. But in contrast to schizoid personality, where passive social isolation is seen, avoidant patients isolate to protect themselves because they are extremely sensitive to rejection.
Which personality disorder is considered to be closely associated with bipolar diathesis?
A. Borderline personality disorder is characterized by affective instability, impulsivity, chronic emptiness, sensitivity to rejection resulting in intense relationships that are often short lived, and micropsychotic episodes induced by stressful events. It is increasingly speculated that borderline disorder exists in a spectrum which at its most severe pole includes bipolar illness. Various observations provide preliminary support to this claim. Family history of bipolar illness is more common in borderline personality disorder; development of bipolar illness on follow up is higher in borderline than any other personality disorders; affective instability and impulsivity are important features of both borderline disorder and bipolar illness.
Which is the most common major mental illness in patients with anankastic personality?
C. The relationship between obsessive–compulsive personality disorder and obsessive– compulsive disorder is controversial. Though it was suggested that most obsessive–compulsive personality disorder become obsessive–compulsive disorder in later life, recent studies refute this. Among various psychiatric disorders that may present in a patient with obsessive personality, depressive and anxiety disorders are the most common, followed by phobic, somatoform, and obsessive–compulsive symptoms.
The percentage of schizophrenic patients who ultimately commit suicide is approximately:
B. Most patients with schizophrenia who commit suicide are in an acute phase of psychosis, have a history of previous attempt, achieve poor symptom control, have a high degree of comorbidity, and show greater non-compliance. For several decades, the literature has quoted the lifetime risk of suicide in schizophrenia as 10–15% ( from Miles et al. who examined mortality reports published between 1931 and 1975, and estimated the lifetime risk to be 10%). This figure was subsequently challenged by Inskip et al. who analyzed 29 studies using proportionate mortality (the percentage of the dead who died by suicide) and estimated the risk to be substantially lower at 4%. A recent meta-analysis by Palmer et al., using more rigorous methods, has concluded that the rate of suicide in schizophrenia is around 5.6%.
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